As is well known, miniature DC motors can operate at voltages of 6V, 12V, or 24V. When paired with a gearbox, a miniature DC motor becomes a gear motor or reducer—a mechanical transmission device connecting the motor to the driven load. So, how should we select the operating voltage for a gear motor?

Power
The miniature 24V gear motor is one of the most widely used low-power gear reducers. Since its rated voltage is typically 24V DC, many 24V DC gear motor manufacturers offer multiple standard gear transmission systems. Compared to other types of gear motors, 24V gear motors feature thinner wires, enabling more efficient power transmission. Additionally, the current required by a 24V gear motor is only half that of other types.

Speed
The rated speed of a gear motor is set under specific voltage, current, and load conditions. Its operating speed is largely dependent on its load. If the load is below the rated load, even at the same voltage, the current consumption decreases and the speed slightly increases.

Efficiency
Motor efficiency refers to the ratio of energy consumed to energy produced. While most motors generate roughly equivalent energy at their optimal speed, differences still exist. Generally, high-efficiency motors produce more energy than low-efficiency ones.